Auerbach Enterprise Essay

â€Å"Auerbach Enterprises uses machine hours as the cost driver to assign overhead costs to the air conditioners. The company has used a company-wide predetermined overhead rate in past years, but the new controller, Bennie Leon, is considering the use of departmental overhead rates beginning with the next year. â€Å"(Schneider, 2012). One product is affected more than the other by use of departmental rates rather than companywide rate. â€Å"Companies can choose to use the accounting job order costing method when they have a single product line or numerous products to manufacture. However, it is less costly and less time-consuming if they elect to use process costing when calculating the manufacturing of a single product line. With similarities and differences, there are also pros and cons that come with these costing methods. Every company is unique and what may work well in a car repair shop, may not work in an automobile company. When we think about the similarities between job order costing and process costing we can agree that they both monitor three specific elements, which are direct material, direct labor and manufacturing overhead. In addition the flow of costs in each method is essentially the same when you look at both accounts. † (Huntington, 2013) Radiator Parts Fabrication equal Overhead Costs divided by Machine Hours $80,000 equal $8 per machine hour 10,000 Radiator Assembly, Weld, and Test equal $100,000 equal $5 per machine hour 20,000 Compressor Parts Fabrication equal $120,000 equal $24 per machine hour 5,000 Compressor Assembly and Test equal $180,000 equal $4 per machine hour 45,000. The department overhead rates included the compressor assembly and test department has the highest overhead costs with the most machine hours that total $4 per machine hour. The compressor parts fabrication department yields the highest cost per machine hour at $24. †Job order costing gives managers the advantage of being able to keep track of individuals’ and teams’ performance in terms of cost-control, efficiency and productivity. Process costing, on the other hand, gives managers the advantage of being able to ascertain the same qualities in entire departments and compare performance over time. (Ingram, D 2013) The next feasible objective for the company is to determine the company wide overhead rate using machine hours as the cost driver. Company Wide Overhead Rate equal Forecast Overhead divided by Expected Machine Hours Overhead Rate equal $480,000 equal $6 per machine hour 80,000. Company Wide Rate: Direct Material Costs x Batch Size plus Direct Labor Costs x Batch Size Maxiflow: Alaska: 135 x 20 equal 2700 110 x 20 equal 2200 75 x 20 equal 1500 95 x 20 equal 1900 equal $4200 per batch equal $4100 per batch Departmental Rate. Direct Materials Costs plus Direct Labor Costs divided by Each Department Hour Maxiflow: 135 plus 75 equal $210 Radiator Parts Fabrication: 210 divided by 28 equal $7. 50 per batch Radiator Assembly, Weld, and Test equal 210 divided by 30 equal $7 per batch Compressor Parts Fabrication: 210 divided by 32 equal $6. 60 per batch Compressor Assembly and Test: 210 divided by 26 equal $8. 10 per batch Alaska: 110 plus 95 equal 205 Radiator Parts Fabrication: 205 divided by 16 equal $12. 80 per batch Radiator Assembly, Weld, and Test: 205 divided by 74 equal $2. 0 per batch Compressor Parts Fabrication: 205 divided by 8 equal $25. 60 per batch Compressor Assembly and Test: 205 divided by 66 equal $3. 10 per batch. There was only a $100 difference between Maxiflow and Alaska when it came to company-wide rates per batch. On other hand, the departmental rates between Maxiflow and Alaska were significantly different. Maxiflow had the cheaper departmental costs per batch with an average of $7. 30 per batch compared to $11. 05 per batch with Alaska. to determine the companywide and departmental costs per unit of Maxiflow and Alaska. Company-Wide Rate: Total Cost per Unit equal direct material Costs plus Direct Labor Costs divided by Number of Units Maxiflow. Direct Materials equal Alaska: 135 Direct Labor Costs equal 75 210 $415 plus $480,000 divided by 40 equal $12,010. 38 per unit 110 plus 95 equal 205 210 plus 205 equal $415 Departmental Rate: Radiator Parts Fabrication: $80,000 plus $415 divided by 40 equal $2010. 38 per unit Radiator Assembly, Weld, and Test: $100,000 plus 415 divided by 40 equal $2510. 38. Compressor Parts Fabrication: $120,000 plus 415 divided by 40 equal $3010. 8 Compressor Assembly and Test: $180,000 plus 415 divided by 40 equal $4510. 38. So, it seems that the total costs per unit for the company-wide rate is slightly less per unit. The company-wide rate for total cost per unit is $12,010. 38, while the total cost per unit for each department is $12, 041. 52. â€Å"Auerbach Enterprises manufactures air conditioners for automobiles and trucks manufactured throughout North America. The company designs its products with flexibility to accommodate many makes and models of automobiles and trucks. The company’s two main products are MaxiFlow and Alaska. †(Schneider, 2012). The reduction of overhead expenses is one of the sparse areas of corporate cost control that receives few to no attention from management. However the savings and profit improvement can be surprising. Reviewing the data for Auerbach management would be better suited to continue using company-wide rates. The perception by managers of the relative importance of costs may be determined by the nature.

Saving the Rise of Childhood Obesity Kaplan University

Saving the Rise of Childhood Obesity Kristy Zamora Kaplan University College Composition II 02/12/2013 When people think of physical education in the school system, the first thing that comes to mind is children running and playing. To some, it may be perceived as a mere distraction to school as a whole, and others may think of it as a way for children to burn their energy down. Specifically in Milwaukee Public Schools physical education needs to be more than just a class in school; it needs to be known as a necessity for children and their health.Their health is important because of the need for the advancement in medicine, this epidemic needs to be stopped and the overall future of people. â€Å"Today one in three American kids and teens is overweight or obese; nearly triple the rate in 1963. † (American Heart Association 2012) This is an outstanding statistic that can only be changed starting with the school system and physical education. Kids spend about â€Å"35 hours a week† at school making up most of their day and how time is spent. (MPS 2012) How they spend it in Physical Education class is what matters most in this issue concerning many Milwaukee County citizens.The purpose rather than main point of this is that there is an absolute need for change, not only for children in today’s society but the future as well. It is in the public’s best interest to have this issue changed, not overlooked. To do this, the Milwaukee Public School System needs to heighten its physical education program and give the children what they need most a healthier outlook on life. What really needs to be looked at is the fundamentals of physical education and how it can be a positive influence in children’s lives. It is not about how well the child can play the sport or how athletic one is over another.Let the children know that it is okay to not be the best at something and get the children moving. What is important is the physical activenes s and keeping up a steady heart rate in order to achieve burned calories, and which is what the needs out of physical education. A physical education class only helps if the child is completely active within that whole time frame. Physical education teachers need to be more involved rather than just passing a child for showing up for class. Motivate the students to run and play hard to get them as active as possible.Even if the child isn’t the best at a sport the teachers shouldn’t let that be a cloud judgment on the child. It should be a system that pushes the child into wanting to exercise and have fun while doing it. There should be some training that physical educators take on how to be better with children who aren’t active and classes on how to get children more involved. It is clear that children are not getting enough physical activity â€Å"The real only physical activity some kids go through is in school, if that. † (David Ludwig, MD, PhD webmd 2012) Kids are no longer as active outside or even in extracurricular activities in school. The American Heart Association recommends at least sixty minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity every day. † (American Heart Association 2012) The evidence of lack of physical activity in our children is pretty simplistic and the thing people may over look when it comes to children being overweight or obese is high risk factor the child is in and the diseases they are at risk for. The diseases that are on the rise in our children today, which can be linked to obesity, include but are not limited to coronary artery disease, increase risk of stroke, high blood pressure, and juvenile diabetes.Statistics on obesity of adolescent’s in Milwaukee is 17. 7 percent, and in the whole state of Wisconsin the percentage is 11. 1. The numbers for children in Wisconsin are 16. 5 percent that are overweight and 14. 4 are obese. These children are at risk to developing serious medical conditions including physiological problems. The main and most commonly known disease is, Juvenile type two diabetes. This is caused from overweight and in-active children.Which can lead to heart disease and co-morbidities; â€Å"Children with type 2 diabetes also are at risk for the long-term complications of diabetes and the co-morbidities associated with insulin resistance (lipid abnormalities and hypertension). † (CDC 2011) Children are supposed to be safe, educated and cared for in schools. The national diabetes education program ensures that every student is made sure to succeed with their diabetes. (NDEP 2012) â€Å"NDEP’s Guide for School Personnel educates and informs school personnel about diabetes, how it is managed, and how each member of the school staff can help meet the eeds of students with the disease. †(NDEP 2012) Every obese and overweight child have a higher chance of getting type two diabetes. These children need to have preventable measures taken, so they don’t develop diabetes. Schools need to focus on health problems the same as any other type of disease or problem the child may have. Psychological problems are also linked with obesity in children. Obese kids are more likely to have social and psychological problems, such as depression, which in turn makes them have poor self-image leading to bullying other kids, and even suicide.Emotional problems in obese kids is one of the most painful things to experience. Getting made fun of in school along with being alienated by other children causes these obese children to live a sedentary lifestyle. Meaning they feel out of place and withdrawn from everything, making their life growing up very hard. These high risk disease and emotional complications attributed to children being overweight and obese should motivate Milwaukee Public School System to change the way physical education is run. If parents would take the chance to speak with one another things could really come together and change will become of this.Changing now is better than never and this change can be kept within the school system, changing the future. Children have a need to live as healthy as possible. Being overweight or obese, can be prevented by helping kids stay active, in turn changing their present and future health. â€Å"Looking at the long-term consequences, overweight adolescents have a 70 percent chance of becoming overweight or obese adults. † (Department Health Human Services 2011) These statistics are outrageous and it can be decreased dramatically if Milwaukee Public Schools heighten its physical education classes.If physical education can change, the result will carry through all of the aspects of a child’s life. Obesity and disease statistics will be brought down as well as health rates going up for children. There has to be a way out of this problematic situation, but everyone has to help. With Wisconsin being one of the top â€Å"Fattest† states, the changes start here with Milwaukee Public School System; with the hopes of helping other school systems around Wisconsin. There is a chance that other schools systems see Milwaukee Public Schools changing and making this effort to change children’s lives, then they will want to do it as well.This will change the high statistics of overweight, obesity, and diseases in juveniles linked to childhood obesity in Wisconsin. The future depends on children and if the population of overweight and obese children stay at the rate they’re going, it will only increase/ These children are the future and physical education needs to be changed in hopes of making their lives better. A difference made now is a difference forever and these new terms of physical education can be passed on for years and years to come. The best way this can be established is within the schools.This solution can change overweight and obesity statistics of children, so they can live a healthier l ife, in turn making our future better in many ways. When people think of Physical Education in the school system the first thing that comes to mind is children running and playing. To some it may be perceived as a mere distraction to school as a whole, and others may think of it as a way for children to burn their energy down. The thing about Physical Education is that it needs to be more than just a class in school; it needs to be known as a necessity for children and their health. Today one in three American kids and teens is overweight or obese; nearly triple the rate in 1963. † (American Heart Association 2012) This is an outstanding statistic that can only be changed starting with the school system and physical education. Kids spend about 35 hours a week at school making up most of their day and how time is spent. How they spend it in Physical Education class is what matters most in this issue concerning many Milwaukee County citizens. The main point of this is that there is an absolute need for change not only for children in today’s society but the future as well.A way that this can be changed and not over looked, is in the public’s best interest, Milwaukee Public School System needs to heighten its physical education program and give the children what they need most out of this, which is a healthier outlook on life. What really needs to be looked at is the fundamentals of physical education and how it can be a positive influence in children’s lives. It is not about how good the child can play the sport or how athletic one is over the other. Let the children know that it is okay to not be the best at something and get the children moving.It is more of the physical activeness and keeping up a steady heart rate in order to achieve calories being burned and the child getting what he or she needs out of physical education. A physical education class would only help if the child is completely active within that whole time frame. Ph ysical education teachers need to be more involved rather than just passing a child for showing up for class. Motivate the students to run and play hard getting them as active as possible. Even if the child isn’t the best at a sport the teachers shouldn’t let that be a cloud judgment on that child.It should be more of a system that pushes the child into wanting to exercise and have fun while doing it. There could be some training that physical educators take in how to be better with children who aren’t active and even classes on how to get children more involved. The evidence of lack of physical activity in our children is pretty simplistic. â€Å"The real only physical activity some kids go through is in school, if that. † (David Ludwig, MD, PhD webmd 2012) The thing people may over look when it comes to children being overweight or obese is the disease and high risk factor the child is in.The diseases that are on the rise in our children today, which ca n be linked to obesity, include but are not limited to coronary artery disease, increase risk of stroke, high blood pressure, and juvenile diabetes. â€Å"Psychological effects also affect children such as depression, low self-esteem and negative body image. † (PubMd 2011) Kids are no longer as active outside or even in extracurricular activities in school. The link with not having physical activity in children’s lives doesn’t only affect their weight but also increases the disease aspect of their lives. The American Heart Association recommends at least sixty minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity every day. † (American Heart Association 2012) If this problem can be taken care of earlier in the child’s life there would be no need for medication or high risk diets. These diseases and problems having to deal with overweightness and obesity should be a deterrent for Milwaukee Public School System and the way physical education is ran. This should want to make a change and instill this within the school system.Changing now is better than never and this change can be kept within the school system then changing the future. If this can change a lot can and will change. These statistics will be brought down as well as health rates going up for children. There has to be a way out of this rut and everyone as a whole can help. Wisconsin being one of the top â€Å"Fattest† states and growing, the changes can start here with Milwaukee Public School System; with the hopes of helping other school systems around Wisconsin.It can be a domino effect if other schools systems see Milwaukee Public School System changing and making this effort to change children’s lives then others will want to do it as well. This will definitely change the overall statistics of this state. Change can only make the people stand up and want to make a difference in children’s lives, and these children are the future and this needs to be changed in hopes of making life better for them. The future of our kids becoming healthier and developing more physical activeness is something that needs to change.A difference made now is a difference forever and these new terms of Physical Education can be passed on for years and years to come. The best way this can be established is within the schools. Hopefully this problem solver can change these high statistics of kids becoming overweight or obese so they can live a healthy life in turn making our future better in many ways. Office of the Mayor 200 E. Wells Street City Hall Rm. 201 Milwaukee, WI 53202 Mayor Tom Barrett, As a citizen of the state of Wisconsin there is a big concern as far as the numbers in obesity rising among children.Currently in Milwaukee, there can be better efforts in school systems as well as educating the public on the importance of keep their children at a good and healthy weight. By keeping the public more informed on ways ‘How to’, so to speak, keep their children healthy and active we could change these statistics of Wisconsin. In Wisconsin alone, according to the Department of Health and Human Services, 29% of children ages 2 through 4 in the state are overweight or obese. One in four Wisconsin high school students are considered overweight. The obese rates children ages two to four is 13. % and the overweight is 16. 1% SFTA (2012) An idea that should be put in place is the absolute need for children to stay active. We need to change how schools teach physical education. â€Å"The American Heart Association recommends at least sixty minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity every day. † (American Heart Association 2012) We need to get our future physically active. We can make change for them along with our future generations. I know that budget cuts are put in place especially for school funding but why cut out physical education?It is a necessity for children to stay fit and active because they have a lesser chance of developing life threatening diseases such as heart disease or diabetes. Lastly, what needs to be done is thoroughly educating parents on healthier eating habits, not using the television as a mere â€Å"babysitter†, getting active with their children and cutting back on sugary foods. There are studies that show, children from the ages nine to sixteen, sugar makes up about thirteen percent of their diet, when the factual amount of sugar in a child’s diet should only be about ten percent. American Heart Association; Overweight Children 2012) Also educating them on what high risk diseases come from being overweight. There are many ways to improve our children's eating habits as well as getting more physical activity throughout the day. The only way this change can occur is the willingness of parents, school systems and society. Please take this into consideration and help out our community. Respectfully, Kristy Zamora Reflection Piece What I learn ed about myself as a writer is that my ideas seem great but to actually get them down on paper and stringing them together is a lot harder than it seems.Myself as a thinker is that my ideas are sort of jumpy and sporadic. I try and think of ways to be a better thinker and not just throw a bunch of ideas together. What I learned about the writing process is that it takes more than one draft and even more than one outline. In order to achieve and write a great paper it really does take a lot of practice. It is hard to put ideas together and be clearer of what I’m trying to say in my papers. The skills I attained from College Composition II are writing better in APA format and making an outline for every paper.APA format will help me because I will be attending college for three more years and that is what my papers will have to be in. Outlines I will use the rest of my college career because that is the beginning and start of every paper I will write. What I learned from my pee rs is that everyone is different, in learning styles and techniques to writing papers. What works for one may not work for another. I sort of fused together a couple people’s ideas with writing an outline and getting the paper together and it seems to work for me. My instructor had the most valuable feedback.My classmates didn’t really have much to say about my style of writing and also didn’t have much to say about revising and editing my paper. They gave me feedback on my pamphlet but the only thing they talked about was color in it. Some said keep the colors and some said keep the colors the same. So I had mixed reviews on that part. My instructor had a good way of explaining that my paper needed a lot of work. Not only by editing the grammatical errors, comma splice, sentence fragments and correcting paragraphs that didn’t make sense. I tried my hardest to fix may paper and get the point across of my big idea. References Alliance for a Healthier Gener ation: Combating Childhood Obesity by creating Healthy Schools, empowering youth leaders, healthcare, healthier school food and beverages. † Alliance for a Healthier Generation: Combating Childhood Obesity by creating Healthy Schools, empowering youth leaders, healthcare, healthier school food and beverages. N. p. , n. d. Web. 28 Dec. 2012 Discipline. † Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. publishers. Leading innovation and advancement in science, technology and medicine. † Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. publishers Leading innovation and advancement in science, technology and medicine. N. p. , n. d. Web. 6 Jan. 2013 . â€Å"Childhood Obesity Awareness Month | Healthier Kids†¦ Brighter Futures!. † Childhood Obesity Awareness Month | Healthier Kids†¦ Brighter Futures!. N. p. , n. d. Web. 27 Dec. 2012.

A Portrait of Dorian Gray

Dorian Gray's portrait He began to wonder if we could make psychology absolutely scientific, Sir Henry says how to manipulate it with the power of the mind When Dorian talked about hope of fate and exchange of portrait, he reached a contract with one of his own hooligans, not a contract with the king of darkness I have not. The picture of Dorian Gray starts on the beautiful summer day in the UK Victorian. There, the self-righteous Lord Henry Wharton is observing the painting of Dorian Gray by the sensitive artist Basil Holward. Portrait, this is a handsome young man, Basil 's ultimate muse. Dorian sat next to the picture and heard that Lord Henry supported his hedonistic world view and began to think that beauty is the only aspect of pursuit of life. This urged Dorian that his portrait would like to take years instead of himself. One of the main purposes of the story is a portrait of Dorian Gray. This portrait shows Dorian's sin, evil, and aging so that Dorian can maintain youth and beauty. Dorian Faust exchanged his spirit to express youth and beauty, which enabled this. Initially, basil was afraid to advertise his Dorian's portrait. It is because he revealed the secret of Basil 's soul, afraid that it would show a painter (basil) than the theme (Dorian). According to the explanation, Basil was concerned about his evidence of the traces left by portraits and the charm of Durian Gray, because homosexuality was highly stigmatized in Victorian England. In fact, Dorian was portrayed as innocent, and basil seemed to have seen him. There are literal portraits, but Durian Gray is a portrait. Since operation is art, Henry seems to be amused with his ability to influence and manipulate others, including Dorian. Pictures of Dorian Gray begin in England's Victorian summer and Sir Henry Watton is observing Dorian Gray painted by a sensitive artist Basil Hallword. Portrait, he is a handsome young man, basil's ultimate muse. While drawing a picture for this picture, Durian listens to His major Henry to support his hedonistic worldview, pursuing happiness is the only thing worth pursuing in life I started thinking about it. This urged Dorian to hope his painted image hopes to take his age instead. This book began with the artist's picture by Basil Hallward, Dorian Gray, reminiscent of Grey's aging and loss of beauty. This relationship between portraits is a way to explore the relationship between the outside world and self. How sad it is! I will get old, worse, and it will be terrible, it will be older than this special day in June ... if that is just another way! If it is always young, and that old picture! For this - I give everything! Yes there is nothing I will not give to the whole world! I will pay my soul for it I will!

Problem Solving Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Problem Solving - Assignment Example As if to compound the matters, I started getting very simple tasks, which befit only the beginners and not people with fair bit of experience like me. As a matter of fact, my co-workers started to consider this as a form of unofficial demotion in my position, and all this was highly painful for me, to say the least. Here, I need to add that, my boss is a kind of person who seldom does directly highlight any errors or shortcomings of the employees. On the contrary, he expects them to be wise enough to identify the flaws, by themselves. And all the circumstances strongly suggested that, it was now my turn to run the extra mile in tracing both the error, and also the reason leading to it. At that juncture, it was of paramount relevance for me to be able to specifically pinpoint the exact issue that brought about these unpleasant circumstances. I began an intense mental exercise and consequently, I got aware of the exact date from which my boss’s approach towards me started to be indifferent. Immediately, I began a very careful and meticulous study of the two documents having the tasks completed by me, one pertaining to the above date and the other one to the previous day. A careful study ensured that there were no errors in the first document. But a similar mode of study of the second one made me realize that there was indeed a major error, the likes of which do not befit a professional of my experience. It was a rather major flaw, and in fact, I was surprised that my name is still not removed from the company’s rolls! Then, it became my bound obligation to undo the damage caused by me, and that too as swiftly as possible, so that I could regain the pri or image of a committed worker. And it was here that I decided to adopt the strategy of means – end analysis in minimizing the damage. â€Å"The means – end analysis is a pattern of tackling various problems, by

Diversity and Equal Opportunities with Curriculum links Essay

Diversity and Equal Opportunities with Curriculum links - Essay Example The concept of equality introduces a complex and dense legal framework, in spite of its aim of harmonizing and simplifying the labyrinth of discrimination law. This legislation has been the conclusion of a long procedure, involving discussion with several researchers. The Equality Act is also the result of political movement by organizations that work for equality. The Equality Act is an important example of legal improvement that is both the result of a movement of grass roots towards entrenching equality rules, with legislation that will support equality rules in the wider community for bringing parity among all citizens in a country.   Ethical values support sustainable growth, which promotes the concept of equalities, by: Creating clear conditions for goods and services which identify those ethical values. Considering the ethical qualifications of potential suppliers, as well as specific fundamentals as part of the evaluation criteria where suitable. Requiring dealers of goods and services to give ethically options, and being willing to allow the further costs where these can be genuinely justifiable. Undertaking the ethical assessments that recognize which parts of the ethical Policy apply to a particular procurement and evaluate what impact those policies must have one process of procurement. In this context the act of ethical impact assessment as a co-coordinator of every other aspects impacts the assessment. Stereotypes cause assumptions and conclusions based on a person's gender and race preferences. Making such assumptions and conclusions in turn leads to discrimination. Stereotypes can be about religion, race, gender, disabilities, age, geographical locations and income. This practice has its origin in discrimination and is an unjustified and negative approach based on a person’s class or groups identity deriving either during past individual experiences or preconceived incorrect beliefs. It contains having an approach, perception or opinion about a group. Stereotype is a mental image developed as an effect of a myth or a misconceived notion. People don’t often realize the expression of their prejudices. Stereotyping is a finishing point and can be described as the act by which people imagine or recall an information regarding others based on their religion, race or other considerations. Discriminating and stereotyping against a certain class or a certain group of individuals that are mostly protected by law, not only influences the base line revenues of the place of work, but also decreases morale. It also discourages employees, limits the ability of recruiting and constraints the possibility of retaining talent. All these issues will not only reduce efficiency, but also subject the organization to legal proceedings that may cost millions of dollars in settlements and disciplinary damages, with the further risk tarnishing its image forever. Such practice can be extremely detrimental in the case of small and med ium sized enterprises (SEMS). The population of students in different schools is highly diverse, and this group is likely to rely on generalization. These students differ from one another in many ways such as in culture and language environment, socioeconomic position, family histories, mobility, previous school experiences, and educational courses. Different cultures in curriculum are a

Sweatshop Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Sweatshop Economy - Essay Example One summons ‘moral and political’ dimensions to the argument since if and when progressive changes are brought about in the conditions of sweatshops, the role of moral and political leaders will be significant for such changes. Corporations are amoral on the one hand and are the pillars of political establishments on the other and the conflict of interests is right in front of us. One has to resolve this conflict, understand the mindset of eastern world before moving to help ease woking conditions in sweatshops. Economic realities Globalization of economies of the world has effectively broken international barriers. As natural as water finding its own level, corporations around the world drift towards cheapest possible resources for their operations. Both raw materials and labor, two of the fundamental factors of production, are available in plenty in the third world countries. End of colonialism in the mid-sixties ensured that the developed countries of the West have to find other ways and means to sustain the high living standards of their citizens.

Stroop effect experiment on bilingual students Research Paper

Stroop effect experiment on bilingual students - Research Paper Example It is not difficult to see the central importance of bilingualism, with an emphasized importance on English language acquisition, in today’s society. Although having English as the world language raises numerous issues about identity and power that need to be further investigated, the reality is that being bilingual – in both one’s native language as well as in English – is quickly becoming the norm. In an attempt to compete globally, countries are investing mass amounts of capital into establishing bilingual institutions of higher learning, in which English-speaking instructors are being enticed to move to some of the most remote and exotic places on the globe to educate children and adults in China and Cambodia and Oman, etc. Therefore, the discussion of how non-English speakers become proficient in a second language (L2) is pivotal in the educational community, which raises issues of recognition, comprehension, and stimuli that aid the brain in developi ng the connections that enable the interpretation and processing of foreign information. In an attempt to study how these connections are made, many linguists rely on the Stroop test, which serves to study the reaction time of a task. Applying this test to L2 acquisition provides invaluable insight which will enable language instructors to create learning environments that will aid language learners in transitioning from a basic or intermediate knowledge to an advanced fluency of the second language. J.R. Stroop has made an invaluable contribution to the history of experimental psychology, and his test has been utilized in a myriad of subject areas, from neuropsychology to affective disorders. The Stroop effect has been used to discuss frontal lobe function (brain patterns), the role of emotions on cognition, the speed at which individuals process and compartmentalize information, and the process of second language acquisition (Stroop Effect, 2010). The

Which reflections of Islam are in the tale of Maruf the Cobbler Essay

Which reflections of Islam are in the tale of Maruf the Cobbler - Essay Example Muslim believes that Allah is the provider of everything, and they should ask him the things they want. In respect to this belief Maaruf had to pray the dawn prayer to ask Allah to save him from the wrath of his wife by providing a piece of cake before evening. Muslims have their special court known as the kadhi court in which they should settle their matters. Maafur was falsely accused by his wife before the Kadhi court. The two were Muslim, and they could not take their problem before the court of law and, as a result, the wife took the matter before the Kadhi who settled the issue and restored peace between the two (Scheherazade 12). One aspect of Islam is giving a charity to the poor and helping the oppressed. In the tale, the aspect of charity is seen where Maaruf could not get the money to buy the cake but went to the shop, and the cake seller agreed to give him on credit. The cake seller agreed to help Maaruf and give him the cake on credit until when Allah will provide him with money. Upon reaching home, the wife did not accept the cake because it was not covered with bees honey, and this brought up trouble. The neighbours played a role of brining back peace in the home since Muslims should help the oppressed. When Maaruf went away from Cairo after being reported by his wife, he came across a man who took him and gave him everything. When the Kazi was settling the dispute, he made sure he maintained peace between the wife and husband by giving Maaruf the cake to give it to the wife (Scheherazade 4). Muslims are supposed to pray Allah five times a day and in the tale Maaruf is praying most of the time. The Islam faith requires believers to pray in the mosque and Maaruf went to the mosque to pray meaning that he was a true Muslim (Scheherazade 7). Maaruf was a prayerful man and this made Allah to make him Sultan. When the wife of Maaruf (princes

Managing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Managing - Assignment Example Jacques Derrida similarly presents his lingual dilemma in an influential phrase. H says that although he uses a particular language, he does not own the very language. Jacques is interested in language as a mark of identity and view the two spheres as inseparable. These quotes provides a philosophical onset which an organization can use in fine-tuning their management. Wittgenstein’s view and Derrida’s views are irreconcilable because of notable reasons. Wittgenstein argues that individuals still confront the same philosophical problems because language does not change to reflect new realities. Although the philosopher’s arguments are abstract, he believes that language should adapt to transforming social contexts rather than inform the social contexts. Language arises to express the meaning already embedded in the social contexts. He explains that words have a role beyond representing objects (Wittgenstein 1973, p. 43). This higher role pertains to meaning, which is the most essential part of philosophical discussions. Wittgenstein aspires to give language a liberating from the traditional perceptions that binds its growth. In addition, he emphasizes on the role of contexts in bringing out different meanings of the same word. The philosopher, therefore, pays attention to the contexts from which language grow. In this sense, l anguage may not have any distinct formula as espoused by Western traditional standards. In the contemporary context, Wittgenstein explains the meaning of a word as referring to the sense in which individuals hold the meaning as true. This explains why the philosopher highlights logic as only concerned with the conforming meaning of a sign. The meaning that comes forth emanate from the given rules that guide the usage of the sign (Muhr, Sorensen & Vallentin 2010, p. 82). This refers to the common term of grammatical sense. By describing the use pf

Monsters Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Monsters - Essay Example As history depicts, monsters were separated from the society of humans since the ancient times. However, other people have described monsters as being fictitious and nonexistent. This is where by; monsters were described in accordance to the characteristic of a person. For instance; most were described from words such as horrible, weird, wild and inhuman. Still, some people believe that monsters are real and present in the society. However, it has been noted that it is rare to see a gigantic, hideous creature manifesting itself as a monster (Williams, 13). This is because; monsters are believed to take different forms. For instance; some wild cats have been taken to be monsters in some societies due to their ugly features. Other societies associate bats with monsters and hence are put at the edge of the society. In addition, different people have been heard say that they have seen evil spirits, which appear as shadows or appear in dreams and nightmares. Therefore, indeed monsters hav e a meaning and an implication in the society since; human beings have believed that they are there, and they have obtained different translations of them. Function Most of the theories and manifestations of monsters appear in cinemas, horror movies, and fictitious stories. In these movies, monsters usually appear as being very real and very present among humans. Some of the movies also show monsters as helpful creatures that notify human of any unforeseen dangers. In addition, the movies also give a notation of existence of communication between human and the monsters. However, in the real world there is very limited interaction between monsters and human beings. In the real world, humans are very scared and afraid of monsters and cannot even stand them. In addition, monsters are believed to be carnivores in the real world and thus they cannot interact with them since, humans are afraid of the fact that they might be harmed by these creatures (Williams, 34). In addition, in the real world monsters are also destructive. They function by getting everything they desire by use of force and fight. Monsters also destroy property and interfere with th e peace of humans. In the real world, monsters are also associated with appearing in the night or in dark places. They are believed to avoid light or overcrowded places where they might be spotted by humans. Humans also associate monsters with supernatural powers, such as ability to appear and disappear in a place, or ability to deform or change their shapes. They are also believed to possess a lot of strength and might that can destroy a whole building. Example Different scholars have researched on the true existence of monsters in the real world and have come up with results showing that monsters indeed exist and live among human (Scott, 34). The studies also show that for the past ninety years zombies existed among humans. These creatures were found to be the animated dead representing greater danger to the survival of humans, than a mere corpse. The research also provides that zombies show no favoritism and exercise no judgment (Scott, 35). Mason asserts that monsters came about through the belief by the ancient people that during their long distance trade journeys, they would meet terrifying and mysterious creatures. Therefore, people started imagining creatures such as giants, vampires and ghosts. Since the people were completely convinced that the creatures would try to destroy them, they brought in the idea that monsters were scary creatures that were to be feared (Mason, 7). Negation Although some scholars assert that monsters indeed exist, other scholars have noted that monsters don’t really exist (Mason, 4). They assert that monst

Story About a Disabled Person Essay Example for Free

Story About a Disabled Person Essay What is a disabled person? A disabled person is classified as any person who is unable to obtain for himself or herself, fully or partially, the normal requirements of an individual and /or is unable to participate fully in the community due to shortcomings either physically or mentally which may have occurred since birth or later in life. There are people who have overcome these shortcomings and achieved great success through self-reliance and diligence. One such person that comes to mind is none other than my Uncle John. Uncle John is my mother’s youngest brother. He was born on June 12, 1970, in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Uncle John was not born deaf and blind. According to my grandmother, when Uncle John was 16 months old he came down with meningitis, which robbed him of both his sight and hearing. The sad thing about this was that my grandparents were not aware about this and only realized my uncle’s disability when he was only two years old. By then the damage to the nerves in his eyes were too severe to be rectified and there was nothing that could be done for his ears. With great determination my grandmother tutored my uncle at home in Mathematics, Language, Music and Art. My uncle was a fast learner and picked up well in all the subjects. But he showed tremendous improvement and excellence in Music. My grandmother decided to get him a music tutor although it took a toll on their livelihood as my grandfather was the only wage earner in the house and he had a family of five young kids to feed and educate. My grandmother decided to sell cakes to make extra money. My uncle progressed so well that he had completed all the 8 levels of music in just 5 years. When he was 15 years old my uncle decided to lift the burden of my grandparents by teaching music to earn a living. He was such a patient and caring music teacher that parents were waiting at the doorstep to enrol their children in his music classes. He had been teaching for about five years when he decided to further his studies in music. At the age of 21 he asked for his parents blessings to allow him to pursue his ambition of being a concert pianist in America. My grandmother was reluctant to let him go as she was worried that he would not be able to cope on his own. By then all his older siblings including my mother had graduated and were doing well in their respective fields. They talked their parents into allowing my uncle to follow his dream. With a heavy heart my grandmother gave in and my uncle left for America. While there, my uncle enrolled in the prestigious Julliard School of Music in New York City. Although he had saved enough money to see him through only the first year of college, that did not deter him. He gave his most and his disability was not an obstacle. He excelled in all his classes and was well liked by both his peers and lecturers. He was voted into all the committees as he was someone that could be depended on. At the end of the first year my uncle scored distinctions in all his subjects and was placed on the Dean’s list. He was given a full scholarship to continue his studies for the next year. He excelled for the next three years and was given a full scholarship for the rest of his college studies. At the end of his four year study he was invited to take part in a concert for budding concert pianists. At the tender age of 24 he played in front of an audience of 7,000. The audience was awed by his skills. He appeared in the newspapers and everyone was talking about this young talent. After this he was invited on many premier shows such as The David Letterman Show, The Ellen DeGeneres Show and even The Oprah Winfrey Show. He travelled all over the world giving concerts. He became a world renowned concert pianist earning a lot of money. After being away for 10 whole years my Uncle decided to return to Malaysia. Throughout the ten years away he never forgot the sacrifices his parents made for him. He set them up in a beautiful house with a maid to look after them. He made sure his parents and siblings were well taken care off. He also made sure that his parents travelled to all his concerts all over the world. Today he is happily married with two healthy children – my cousins Deidre and Antoine. He will always be my inspiration because he did not let his disability bring him down. He has taught me that one can excel in anything if one is determined.

Cross Cultural Perspectives Essay Example for Free

Cross Cultural Perspectives Essay Introduction: The world is an ever changing place. What is taboo today may become a norm tomorrow. There are vast numbers of countries with various languages, religions and their cultural ethnicity. India has been referred to as a country which is a living example of unity in diversity. In today’s age of capitalism and free trade, borders are soon getting irrelevant and people are migrating, more than ever before, to achieve their personal and organisational goals. It becomes all the more important to understand cross cultural dynamics and its implications on international businesses looking to expand in new markets. Why understand Culture? Today we see companies looking towards new markets and industries to expand their businesses. Growth in the west is almost at its saturation peak and developed industries are looking to foray into Asian markets to promote their growth and take advantage of developing economies. There are a lot of constraints in entering new markets, businesses have to understand regional aspects and the environment which govern these markets. There are various aspects of the environment which are Political, Legal, Economic and Cultural. Economic, Legal and Political environment differ in different regions and are sometimes governed by their local culture. Culture in many ways influences and has a major role to define these policies. When businesses are entering new markets they can study economic limitations, political and legal environment. But â€Å"Culture is a man made part of the environment†(Herskovits, 1948, p.17). Geert Hofstede in 1980 explained that Culture consists of shared mental programs that control individual’s response to their environment. It has been very easy to understand culture in terms of Hofstede’s dimensions and compare countries based on these studies. These are Power distance, Uncertainty avoidance, Individualism-Collectivism, Femininity and Masculinity. I once came across an advertisement from HSBC, where in a polish company selling washing machines wanted to know why their sales are highest in a part of India. When their representative visits the vendor he realises that the machine is used to prepare a delicacy rather than washing clothes. The punch line of the advert was â€Å"if you’re going to do business internationally you should be  with a bank that knows about International business† During the 3rd session of Cross-Cultural Perspective we came across a task of negotiation. My key learning’s during this task were that communication style and sharing of information was vital in successful negotiation beneficial for all. We started aggressively trying to force our opinion and make the other party aware about our concern and make them sensitive to our objective. But we soon realised that the key to a successful negotiation was dealing with the other party with co-operation and being sensitive to their needs. This realisation made us reach an amicable solution towards solving the â€Å"ugly orange case†. Hence we learned that a good negotiator should possess good negotiating skills, communication, multiple solutions and also should understand the emphasis of BATNA (best alternative to a negotiated agreement). We also learned about Leaders and their qualities. There is an argument by some that leaders are born, others believe that leaders can be made. I am of the view that leaders are not born but made. I do have certain leanings in terms of charismatic leaders and their family tree, e.g. Indira Gandhi, Rajiv Gandhi and Sonia Gandhi, but to larger extent leaders can be made and groomed provided they have the necessary qualities and attributes to lead and motivate people. During my work assignment I spent a considerable amount of time in United States of America. I was spearheading a transition project which involved training, coaching and transitioning work from United States to India. My colleagues from America were straight forward and direct in their communication. The instructions and information provided by them was straight to the point and often construed by me as rude. I had a confrontation with my co-worker where I asked him to put in some extra hour of work. He was quite direct i n refusing and also went ahead in telling me that this is not the way Americans work. I was influenced by the work culture in India and assumed that it is alright to ask a colleague to stay back a couple of hours after work. In the US, there was a lot of emphasis on work-life balance. Conclusion: Now after getting acquainted with cross-culture perspectives and various theories I have better understanding between the cultural differences of  America and India. I think that using the dimensions provided by Hofstede and theories based on these dimensions we can analyse and understand culture and their dynamics. These will be helpful to organisations entering new markets and regions.

Benefits of the Great Wall of China

Benefits of the Great Wall of China The Great Wall The text The Great Wall, by John Man, is about the worlds longest man made structure. Ranging from eastern to western China the length of the great wall remains unknown because the wall does not form a single continues line. There are several gaps and its been destroyed and rebuilt during different dynasties. Measurements vary between 2,694 and 6,000 kilometers from the western desert to the sea (Man, 5). The section that was built in the Ming Dynasty is about 25 feet tall and 16 feet wide. In Chinese, the symbol for wall is ambiguous; it can mean both Long City, and Long Walls. Construction of the Great Wall began around 214 BC and it was maintained until the 16th century. The Wall that was built in the Qin Dynasty is the most famous one because it was the first and oldest section that still remains today. The latest or the most current segment was built in the Ming Dynasty. There is much more to it than just a barrier; the wall itself contains fortresses, barracks, guard towers and beacon towers (Man, 5). Though the Great Wall is a national symbol of identity for the Chinese, the reason for its construction is commonly unknown. Most people believe that the wall was built to create protection from the barbarous nomads in northern China who were attacking them, but this was not the case. John Man in The Great Wall argues that the nomad attacks were a justification for the destruction of the tribes. The nomads were not the ones to initiate violence; it was the Chinese that provoked and attacked the nomads for land. The Wall was never the barrier it seemed or was claimed to be because nomads could still easily go over or through it while the Chinese empire ruled and influenced both side of the wall (Man, 8). So it was useless against the Mongols in the north. It was Chinese expansionism that eventually forced the evolution of pastoral nomadism and Chinese expansionism that created the threat (Man, 21). The construction of the wall served mutliple purposes. One, it defined spheres of interest, marking a frontier and confining the unruly nomad populations where they could eventually be turned into workers (Man, 8). Two, it was a way for ambitious leaders to flaunt their power and warn alien threats. The wall was first created when China was divided into three different states: the Zhou in the northern borderlands, the Qin in south and west, and the Yen in north and east. These rulers each built walls for protection from each other and to show that they were serious about ruling (Man, 23). In 221 B.C. Qin Huang conquered and unified all the states and symbolically demolished the inter-state walls. He then extended the remaining wall into the northern frontier for protection from an Xiongnu invasion (Great Wall). The wall eventually became Chinas main civic project, comparable in scope to the pyramids in Egypt, and construction continued until the last dynasty in the 16th century. One of the biggest advantages of the Great Wall was that it created a sense of identity for the Chinese. It portrayed their endurance and their economical and political power. Although it was functionally useless and took hundreds of years to complete, it worked as a symbol of authority and power in the eyes of Chinas opponents and enemies. It also isolated the nomadic tribes that lived in the northern side of the wall, forcing them to participate in barter and trade. One of the advantages of the great wall was this forced increase in commercial and trade. Scholar Jia Yi states, our markets beneath the Great Wall will surely swarm with the Xiongnuà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦When the Xiognu have developed craving for our rice, stew, barbecues and wine, this will have become their fatal weakness. Border Markets Thrived(60). The Wall also helped protect traders and administrators, which encouraged a merchant middle class in the western kingdoms, leading China to be richer than ever. While the empire was split in three different states, it was the nobles who were responsible for organizing a workforce for the construction of the walls. Peasants were forced to work on the wall by their nobles (Man, 23). People suffered from the forced labor it took to build the Great Wall, (Man, 123). It was estimated that during the construction of the wall, from 5th to 16th century, about 2-3 millions Chinese workers lost their lives (Great Wall). They didnt have a formal burial, the workers that died were sealed inside the wall as if they were born to support in weight both in life and in death. The workforce was divided into three different groups: soldiers, criminals, and ordinary people. Millions were called to work on the Wall, leaving their families and loved ones behind; even children had to join the workforce (Labor Force of Great Wall). The wall led to a large numbers of deaths and injuries during the years of its construction. It split up families and widowed many women. Not only did the wall have a negative effect on the citizens of the empire but it also had a negative impact on the nomads that lived on the northern side of the wall. It restricted their area of stay and the resources they had, limiting their amount of space for animals and restricting their travel to alternative trade or lands. This eventually led nomads to unify under the Mongolian Empire. The Mongolian Empire was led by emperor Genghis Khan, who organized raids and attacks on the Chinese Empire. The wall might have been a great authoritative representation, but it had an equally strong negative effect on the communities surrounding it. The wall that was built by the first emperor Qin was not sustainable; it was made of earth rather than stones, causing the wall to vanish over the years. Later dynasties would then rebuild it using earth, wood, or stones. Originally, the earth wall was made from was a mix of mud and local grass straws. The wall in north of Guyuan and in Yinchuan is the oldest original earth section. Later, lacking any efficient form of transportation for the materials, the workers would just adapt local resources. They would use rocks from nearby mountains or rammed earth from the plains. It wasnt until the later dynasties started expanding the walls to Hohhot and Beijing that carved stone began to be formally and universally used. Because of this patchwork of materials, some parts of the wall were made of chunks of flat, slate-like rock and ran along a hillside while others used bricks (Man, 8). During the Ming dynasties the walls were constructed using tiles, lime, and stone, which managed to last longer and be more effective (The Wall). Because the bricks were easier to carry compared to stones and earth, they made it easier for the workers to build the walls (The Wall). The stones were still used for the foundations since they could hold the walls weight better under different conditions. As years passed, people continued to acquire better resources and methods to construct the walls. The time and the location of the structure help determine the reasons behind the creation of the walls. It was built at a time where competition and power among the different states and regions was at its peak, different Emperors wanted to intimidate their respective enemies by showing them that they had the economic and political power necessary for this huge civic project. It was more of a symbol of their power rather than functionally protective as there was no real exterior threat to the dynasties. Even if there was, the nomads had no problem climbing or going through the wall. To them, the wall was not an obstacle. The Great Wall was built at a time where emperors wanted to flaunt their dominance to intimidate any potential enemy attacks. The great wall was am intimidating structure, a series of safe-houses for traders, a hugely extended barracks, a road for the transport of goods-and thus, as the second meaning of the symbol for great wall in Chinese implies, a very long city. Today the great wall is a representation of peace. A Tibetan said The Great Wall is a masterpiece containing the wisdom and diligence of all the peoples and nationalities of China. As the years passed, the wall became more redundant. Today the wall is a representation and symbol of China. The wall is no longer a barrier or a border but a pure symbol of a Chinese heritage. It attracts millions of people from all over the world who come to see the worlds largest structure. Useful in its time, today construction of the wall would create a dispute among United Nations. It would be even less functionally protective as a wall would not stop the intentions of any outside threat with the technology and weapons we have today. The Great Wall by John Man isnt the best literature Ive read, especially for this assignment. The most useful information I received for this assignment was in the introduction. The rest of the book focused more on the broader history of China and its dynasties. Even though it was interesting to learn about the different dynasties, it wasnt really related to our assignment and wasnt engagingly written. I felt like there was too much factual information for a reader to keep focused on the main idea. The author didnt have clear specific information about the wall. It was scattered all over different chapters without a clear organizing structure. It wouldve been better if he included more information on and of the people who built the walls, their lifestyle, and the conditions in which they worked in. He could have also included more information on the lifestyles of nomads and how the wall changed their traditional cultures.

Codes :: essays research papers

CALIFORNIA CODES HEALTH AND SAFETY CODE 13113.8. (a) On and after January 1, 1986, every single-family dwelling and factory-built housing, as defined in Section 19971, which is sold shall have an operable smoke detector. The detector shall be approved and listed by the State Fire Marshal and installed in accordance with the State Fire Marshal's regulations. Unless prohibited by local rules, regulations, or ordinances, a battery-operated smoke detector shall be deemed to satisfy the requirements of this section. (b) On and after January 1, 1986, the transferor of any real property containing a single-family dwelling, as described in subdivision (a), whether the transfer is made by sale, exchange, or real property sales contract, as defined in Section 2985 of the Civil Code, shall deliver to the transferee a written statement indicating that the transferor is in compliance with this section. The disclosure statement shall be either included in the receipt for deposit in a real estate transaction, an addendum attached thereto , or a separate document. (c) The transferor shall deliver the statement referred to in subdivision (b) as soon as practicable before the transfer of title in the case of a sale or exchange, or prior to execution of the contract where the transfer is by a real property sales contract, as defined in Section 2985. For purposes of this subdivision, "delivery" means delivery in person or by mail to the transferee or transferor, or to any person authorized to act for him or her in the transaction, or to additional transferees who have requested delivery from the transferor in writing. Delivery to the spouse of a transferee or transferor shall be deemed delivery to a transferee or transferor, unless the contract states otherwise. (d) This section does not apply to any of the following: (1) Transfers which are required to be preceded by the furnishing to a prospective transferee of a copy of a public report pursuant to Section 11018.1 of the Business and Professions Code. (2) Tra nsfers pursuant to court order, including, but not limited to, transfers ordered by a probate court in the administration of an estate, transfers pursuant to a writ of execution, transfers by a trustee in bankruptcy, transfers by eminent domain, or transfers resulting from a decree for specific performance. (3) Transfers to a mortgagee by a mortgagor in default, transfers to a beneficiary of a deed of trust by a

A Place to Go - Original Writing :: Papers

A Place to Go - Original Writing Night after night I had passed the strange location. I began to recognize it and became aware of every detail. I found the building light in the same way. My eyes became attracted, addicted to this place, every eve it beckoned me to return. Simply gazing on it seemed to provide a relaxation, it warmed me. My body became accustomed to its feeling and presence; I found it, almost difficult to leave it. Despite this I had to carry on, they where close behind me now. This was not the first time that I had passed the building and approached it with curiosity. I had wandered here before. This building seemed of some overwhelming significance, when near I felt pathetic and feeble, this building, mansion or 'castle' seemed to posses some great inhuman power far beyond my conceivable imagination. As previously I waited and rested near to the building, my back lay vertical against the huge wall, again this unbelievable feeling of nostalgia, anomalous refreshment and suspicion passed through the very material of my being. It happened suddenly. I was unrepentant, almost unaware of this 'attack' I was about to undergo. I felt a hard thud to my right, this failed to affect me, and I was dazed and confused by the sheer marvel of this magic place. The second warning was more obvious and harder to ignore. A hand was placed on my shoulder. The way in which it touched me was indescribable, there was no feeling or emotion in this being I was now contemplating. I pondered its nature for a while, until the hand did seem to posses a feeling, an emotion; the hand now gripped my shoulder with intensity, a feeling of urgency and aggression showered over me. I was now left with now choice but to confront this creature. I slowly turned my head. I could see, in the corner of my eye a man. A tall man. A big man. An old man and an interesting man. This aggression and urgency flourished and eventually disappeared,

Aboriginal Customary Law VS European Law Essay -- essays research pape

Aboriginal customary law and European law have been at odds since the first years of the European invasion, but only recently has the clash come into the open. Stuart MacMillan of the Aboriginal Resource and Development Services in the Northern Territory says that remote Aboriginal communities there and in Western Australia, South Australia and Queensland see no reason why they should submit to "whitefella law". The governments of the Northern Territory and Western Australia are investigating how indigenous law can be incorporated into state law. Chris Sidoti of the Human Rights Council of Australia says: "Some people would say that human rights runs opposite to Aboriginal law, others that it provides a universal standard to which other legal traditions must adapt. Customary law can't remain immutable. The problem for those trying to bring the two systems into line is that human rights law derives from a western legal tradition which frequently contradicts Aboriginal law. Colin McDonald, a Darwin barrister and expert in customary law, says that on such issues Australia's legal system may simply have to bite the bullet and go against the norms of international human rights. Aboriginal women have often claimed that the law has been slanted to support the rights of indigenous men over women. Lowitja O'Donoghue, who formerly chaired the government's Aboriginal affairs body ATSIC, believes that Australian law should be more aggressive in such cases. Some aspects of Aboriginal law are falling out of practice. Chris Sidoti believes that whatever balance is struck will be as distinct from traditional European law as it is from traditional Aboriginal law. "For traditional people, being put in jail is more inhuman than spearing, and any unified law would have to recognise that. Aboriginal Customary Law The High Court did, however, conclude in that case (a conclusion confirmed in WA v Commonwealth, Wororra Peoples v WA and Teddy Biljabu and others v WA, High Court, March 16 1995) that some Aboriginal land law (that which attracted the status of 'native title') survived the colonisation process. What is far less certain is the fate of Aboriginal customary laws that were not concerned with title to land. Did traditional laws on subjects such as family relationships, title to goods, community justice mechanisms, inheritance and criminal law survive c... ...e necessary, and those laws which were to be applied could not be made applicable to all of the Aboriginal peoples but only to some. It would not be inconsistent with the principle of equality before the law that, where members of the Aboriginal race have special needs, those should be recognised by special rules laid down by the law. Further, the law is flexible enough to allow the courts to consider the special situation of an Aboriginal party where that is relevant. As the courts have recognised, the sentencing of Aboriginal offenders presents particular difficulties. Judges, in an attempt to do justice in discharging the difficult role of sentencing tribal and semi-tribal Aboriginal persons, have gone further. Clearly the ordinary criminal law is capable of facing these difficulties. It is neither necessary, nor desirable, to apply to the Aboriginal peoples the rules of their customary law rather than the general law. The attempt to uphold Aboriginal customary law is one aspect of the notion that the Aboriginal peoples will benefit if they continue to be treated as a class separate from the rest of the communi ty, which must necessarily be a dependent and disadvantaged class.

Exploring the Thematic Link Between the Epigraph and the Greasy Lake Essay

The †Greasy Lake† seems to be influence by Bruce Springsteen †Spirit in the Night†. It is like used an epigraph from his song even though its not about the characters of the story. The characters and actions are completely made up. The †Greasy Lake† seemed to just imitate the song and take on its a free spirit. The â€Å"Bad boy† image in the â€Å"Greasy Lake† was admired and planned as the boys days continued, it was not original. We can just think about when the â€Å"Greasy Lake† was set not only the epigraph but also the title of the story was inspired by Bruce Springsteen †Spirit in the Night†. Think about it, are these boys really â€Å"bad†? No, they are just acting out the kind of behavior they think is â€Å"bad†,†cool† or expected of them. They read books to learn the â€Å"Bad boy† ways, drink cheap non- bad boy drinks and came from high class families. The nature of life was shown through the bad things that took place such as beating the guy and disrespecting the girl and being bad in order to be looked at as bad or cool. This is the narrator learned his lesson all from his actiions. The narrator, in the beginning of the story, believed himself and his friends were these tough guys but the events trhoughout the night reveals to the narrator that there is a price to be paid when trying to be bad. It was the third night of summer vacation and the narrator and his two friends, Digby and Jeff, wanted to prove they were misfits. That they were ready to be reckless and became reck. On that night they wanted to be semi- rebels, their rebellion explodes in their faces. Their actions brings them into a tougher world than they had arranged for. They beat the goy up and was about to rape his girl friend. The guy friends pulled up and the tables had turned. They ran through the woods, dived and poluted waters and floated with the real tough guy who was dead in the waters. They hid from the real tough guys because they were scared and weren’t bad at all. The layed low till the early morning and then the three boys started to feel a bunch of hatred or repugnance for the â€Å"Bad boy† life. As the end it is clear that they have had enough of being â€Å"bad. † The narrator of â€Å"Greasy Lake† matures during his risky adventure because he has different views of nature. Earlier in the story they wanted to destroy the smell of possibility and interact in all these crazy moments such as watch the girl take their clothes off, drink, smoke and listen to Rock & Roll. At the end of the story these cruel likings loses their request or want for these â€Å"Bad† guy qualities and aspects of life. When morning arrived the narrator experienced the beauty of the natural world like it was his first time. He has a epiphany or proclamation that this was nature and in the beginning it was just a dirty, rundown lake.? This was not just for him but for his friends also. When the girls approached them at the end his friend stepped up and trned down the girls offer. The three friends had the experience of a life time that changed thm for the better.

Are Wars Necessary?

Are fights Necessary? I think, thither are quite few deal who actu bothy believe that the strugglefare is something good, hygienic and useful. It is and has always been one of the worst and roughly disgusting, destructive events that can happen. But it is to the alike degree wrong to accuse it of all the deadly sins existing in the world. Although war is always evil, sometimes it is the lesser evil, in some human faces it is inevitable.I, of course, dont back up the idea that the war is necessary in socio-economical sense there is such a point of view, stating that the war is the motive billet of progress and effective method of charge demographic situation stable. Of course, some inventions were depression applied in military, but likewise because this research has always been better supplied. And, although a lot of people die in the course of wars, it is not enough to actually influence demographics, especially nowadays.I am speaking about the war as the bout of int erests and state that yes, in certain situations war is necessary and even turns out into a thing to be proud of. War may be offensive and antisubmarine and, just like in the case of self-defense, in the event of armed besiege from another country any sympathetic of violence used in retaliation is acceptable, because any other course of sue will mean suicide.Looking at the identical analogy, there is no much deviation between a country assail another country from a mugger on the street. The fact that the offenders are numerous, wear uniforms and cause speeches makes absolutely no difference. Read much http//www. paperwritings. com/free-examples/essay-about-war. htmlixzz2DxD5bCkQ

Thinking

I am thirty four years of age. Im before from Trinidad and Tobago W. L. Came to America twenty years ago, lived in Brooklyn hot York, and attended south shore high schooling and graduated. Im a very proud and active scram of five children four boys and one girl. I am truly blessed to project my kids In my life. My children impart a very big part in my life they are my world. My two boys play basketball, and the opposite two plays football, my daughter Is a cheerleader, they also o swimming.We do a lot of traveling In the summer time explore deferent ways of life and what life has to offer, until we ended up In the state of Pennsylvania. I have been In the medical exam field for over fifteen years, as a companion In homes also In hospitals presently am a nurses aid, I love taking keeping of the elderly and the mentally challenged patients. Taking care of people I enjoy and love doing, I assist my patients with activities and dally living Including bathing, dressing, eating etc.My chew over requires hours of walking, standing and heavy Lifting of patients. When Im not working Im prep cleaning and spending time with my kids doing adventures things, I prevail sure and put that time in with my children. I am a single mother doing it on my own I think I have the motherly part under control so far. Now Im back in school pursing my dreams of graduating from college and get a better paying job with my degree. My kids live on my every step, and I am so ablaze to be back in school.

Arguments

Arguments ground on sense break away in diametrical media by acquire the consultation to savour a horse sense of what the adman is act to convey. The forcefulness of these arguments discord establish on the booster shot and what they atomic number 18 try to contribute. For example, if the booster amplifier is difficult to build a put crossways across done a book, they ingest to take something that index busy readers. contrary books, if they ar toilsome to publicize something by means of telecasting, they accommodate something that energy elicit hoi polloi who resembling honoring T.V. , such(prenominal) as sick potatoes and so forth The entree for cartridges is different. If mortal is already interpretation a magazine they atomic number 18 in for ads thus it is very much easier to entrance their attention. However, arguments establish on perception motley signifi go offtly on websites. You domiciliate go from a verificatory rejoi nder to an super forbid receipt in a fewer seconds, and so you moldiness be cargonful. authorized things an ad exponent deliver whitethorn go against what soulfulness believes and provide move loathe comments which technically may not merit that lineament of classification.Others may be open to percolate the emotion the ad is trying to present and therefore the ad fecal matter buoy be successful. News musical themes are an emotionally colder descent than television parole in my scene because when you are honoring the countersign, the reporters can hard a micro enthusiastic, delivering the news in a vivid manner. When interpretation the newspaper, you can provided comprise It how you work out It and so If the spectre of the paper Is depressing, and so It would be emotionally colder.

Jhumpa Lahiri’s Interpreter of Maladies: Summary of This Blessed House Essay

Sanjeev doesnt transform wherefore his married woman is so attract by the lead by the nose globes, statuettes and 3D postcards. By the last of the hebdomad, flicker grows demoralise that no new(prenominal)(a) objects argon concealing approximately. thusly she uprises a rubbishy wit of a vociferous de jockeyrer and, with transfer, announces she some(prenominal) in allow for decrease it up. Sanjeev, drawing temporary hookup earshot to Mahler, commits his arse down. glisten pushes subscribe and decides to run the retaina counseling in her logical argumentfield target the adit so it exit anticipate secluded during their presagewarming caller. Sanjeev sighs and excellentks virtually the part he is earshot to a testament to write break.From the bathrrom, fl be tells him she finds the practice of medicine boring. They get intole near the curtain on their modality to Manhattan for a wickedness, visible(a) radiation in uplifted he els and in a flash taller than Sanjeev. He doesnt catch why she is subject and singular ab come proscribed of the c meett everything. He doesnt clear why she doesnt unpack or wipe or debris as she is crustal plate(a) all solar twenty-four hour period workings on a dissertation. trine broad duration later, he comes central office to a dainty search elbow grease concocted step up of thin air and with the vinegar Sanjeev implored scoot to slash away. The saccharide basketball hoop is c over with a textile demeanor christs image. glint calms him by dictum that the home is blessed. Sanjeev marvels at her behavior. Nick establishd by and by a nursery rhyme, she has to that extent to lose her b ar(a) finaleearment. They had whole if cognize for each cardinal opposite for quaternity months. Their p arnts, doddering fri obliterates, pose a concussion at the birthday fellowship of unity of the daughters in their circle. Sanjeev, in calcium on business, began an impatient trunk call blood with luster subsequently that night. They wedded in India presently in that respect subsequently and arc move to computerized axial tomography where she knew no integrity.Sanjeev make up the firm onwards dismission for the conglutination and fit(p) that he and his bride should perish in that respect forever. A week earlier the crime syndicatewarming society, scud and Sanjeev run start the lawn of the favourable leaves. crosswise the yard, dart screams and Sanjeev runs over, persuasion she has demonstrate a knackered animal or snake. Instead, she has constitute a bankrupt of the double-dyed(a) bloody shame. She screams with delight and insists on retention it on the property. however Sanjeev is upturned close to what the neighbors entrust think, as they ar Hindoo and non Christian. flame doesnt on a lower floorstand.Sanjeev, quality as if he is acquiring nowhere with this adult female pe rson he b atomic number 18ly spangs and stock- stock- lock in sh ars his conduct with, odditys if they wonder angiotensin converting enzyme a nonher(prenominal). Sanjeev unless knows for genuine that spang is non what he had in his aging breeding undecomposed of taketaboo meals and chaste CDs arriving by mail. Later, with shine in the bath, Sanjeev declares he is overtaking to throw out the statue. She rises up and line down the stairs in a towel. She tells Sanjeev she hates him, because collapses in his implements of war in tears. The statue ends up in an bay tree out of chew from the primary(prenominal) passageway tho so far visible to all who overturn their home.The night of the housewarming party, flaunt avoids removing the objects from the blanket and Sanjeev hopes his guests to a greater extent often than not colleagues depart label the cram of the house more. When the guests arrive, luminosity charms them easily. Sanjeev is asked if he is Christian, that it is not as tough of an secrete as it expects. His friends are strike by lighting, unmixedly he still t bingles a smear lost. He steals a split second al integrity(predicate) in the kitchen. Replenishing the bubbly from the cellar, he hears igniter let tally the figurines and how each day is wish a apprize lean.Soon, she mobilizes the party to search the attic, very much to Sanjeevs disw impingingethorn. term everyone is in the attic, he fantasizes removing the rill and sincerely having the house to himself. He thinks of sweep the figurines off of the cape and into the gimcrackery in silence. Sanjeev finds brightnesss discard berth and places them in the room access of their superior bedroom. For the startle time since they married, the clothe fix a distress of foretelling in Sanjeev. He thinks of glow slipping her soles into the shoes, despicable up her limn and surge to wad out their guests coats at the end of the night.I t reminds him of the prognostication he would feel onward one of their long negotiation when she was still upkeep in atomic number 20. flashs share sound out. The party has gear up an grand silverish bust of deliverer in the attic. She asks if they set up put it on the mantle, still for the night. Sanjeev hates it, peculiarly because she reveres it so much, and he knows it leave behind never find a home in her close as she promises. He knows she impart fetch to apologise to their guests to come, in their galore(postnominal) days together. She re spliffs the party and he follows.This bring up signal is an opposite exploration of love and marriage and the soulal effects of communion.Sanjeev and flash are newlyweds who contain cognise each separate for wholly a of a sudden time. though their marriage is not an arrange one in the tralatitious sense, they are matched by their parents and wed by and by only a brief, long distance courtship. It is this long distance grammatical construction to their human relationship that two helps and hurts the marriage. visible radiation and Sanjeev do not know each early(a) that healthy and two break out to live up to the others expectations of what a economize or married woman should be. man and married woman in part of Maladies is often fraught with loneliness.Here, the communication dislocation that happens mingled with the duo exacerbates Sanjeevs loneliness. Ultimately, the pangs of apprehension that Sanjeev feels when she would trounce from California are revealed to be the sparks of love at the end of the accounting. Throughout, Sanjeev doubts their connection, commitment, and nonetheless the spirit of love. simply he is a person who has never go through love and, in roughly ways, his story is his approaching of age. glistening is more turn over to ecstasy and wonder which Sanjeev labels as childish. The action that spark initiates rattling starts a dial ogue.In the end, in that location is sufferance on Sanjeevs behalf of his wifes idiosyncrasies and one feels that they consume able years in their future, wish well Mala and her economise and contrasted Mr. and Mrs. Das. The spiritual iconography irks Sanjeev for several(prenominal) reasons. First, dashs regression with them signifies their differing personalities. For nictate, the hoarded wealth hunt is a play of discovery. For Sanjeev, the unexpended artifacts are mere trash. Sanjeev is touch on close to how the pieces entrust shine on him. nerve-wracking to go his coworkers is do gruelling when he is touch on to the highest degree what the items give tongue to some him.Sanjeev bristles a bit when he has to beg off that there are Christians in India. He does not compliments to behave to exempt things relating to his culture as he is arduous to assimilate. He introduces his wife under her addicted name of Tamina kinda than scoot because he is upset to appear as anything other than a responsible Ameri privy. In the end, his credenza of the items signal an credence of his wife, her idiosyncrasies, and the pagan differences that should be celebrate kinda than hidden. alone way of life of Indian cuisine dribble diverse emotions in This bright House.The yawp that glisten concocts use the vinegar that Sanjeev urges be thrown out ends up dainty order that her way of doing things may not be unseasonable after all. This meal can be compared to the take-out Indian meals that Sanjeev would surcharge up in his bachelorhood. Those meals were both square and lonely. At the housewarming party, Sanjeevs Indian male friends join him in the kitchen to bit on the trays of home-cured rice that he has prepared. That togetherness occurs over intellectual nourishment know to all is fact mood of the relief reckon of ones essential food as seen in Lahiris stories.Objects overly deliver import and mull over the emotion s end-to-end the story. In particular, the cry messiah calling card that shoot insists on guardianship is a hit at the party. Twinkle does via media and hangs the bank note on the daybook binding of the ingress to her get hold of just then ends up pointing the visor out to guests, to Sanjeevs dismay. Her willingness to via media is undone by her going against his wishes. The virgin Mary statue lay out in the tend precipitates a bid mingled with the couple. Twinkles rime book waterfall in to the bath, signifying both her neglectfulness and her upset. just the exhort does unlock the blind alley amongst the two.

Personal Essay

The dis in entirelyow is so user-fri remnantly to comprise on for virtuall(a)y people, save heres what I immortalise diverge earthyly from the situations that correcttide been invest by government agency of be gain of my florists chrysanthemums clo involvement of fleeing. I think astir(predicate) vent to resolve with my pascal, so that we could twain mold what piffling n superstars we could to dumb arrange regimen on the t fitting. recommend the comfortably laughs we had when we would be able to tolerate a flash-frozen pizza, or a in bypass-changegius of germinate out and eliminate valet de chambreage kings. I mark universe strong. I drive in that when Im in a key of bring, my pass would hap out to vex it unwrap, and although we ere try to abide common identify necessitate, I k untried that if unploughed a smile, my dad would substantiate angiotensin converting enzyme too.Through carry throughment that had to do e genuine lything that I could in prescribe to glide by my promontory absent from the electr atomic strain sense 53gative as magnetic corey as save up my system piteous to moderate me and m y dad, tried my truly surpass in schooltime. at that confide were clipping when I couldnt name it by a have in mind solar twenty-four hour period b cause Of atomic number 42 enervation and now I had to nutriment paltry in tack to nurtureher to int integrity the bonds of not whole me and my dad, al genius either of my friends and teachers that pay back out up me by re largessation of with(predicate) this rough get hold of in my flavour.My family means invariablyything to me, and those de circumstanceine officiate deeper than allthing g roll in the hay. never did gimmick my fundament on psyche just because they do a mistake. This was the withstand magazine my mom ever leftover wing me, and she has infer endorse since and has do all(prenominal) hinge to produce with me to lace our con nip again. She didnt need to do all of this. She has left and came trickyronize kinda a wakeless(prenominal)ly a(prenominal) generation through my flavor, and although this was the w resort, would not writhe my thorn on family.No fetchings how devastated I was during the incident, I love, I quickly allow my gravel moxie into my vitality, and do not sorrowfulness that by any means. TomorroWs a new daylight in spirit. When the sunniness comes out, I whop that its measure t 0 ca-ca. I check found full-strength inwardness to ex sensationrate and deflect, and prescribe to devise the offend of some(prenominal) RL am pass on backn. re exemplify and progress to for a weaken sustenance story, and if everything goes well, Ill compel a Bette r man. A man who is not dragged follow up by anything, whacking or small, only when subdued has the heart and lettering to work hard and never b passagewaycast my belie fs or values. psychealised leaven testify(prenominal) obligation attempt Terriers Howard grammatical gender kinsfolk 12. 2013 Kate though Furthering your program line basis be a promote and discourage close very when you be stool out perfunctory life situations and commences. Todays sightly big(a) is running(a)s, taking vexation of children, and to a fault trainings with out of the blue(predicate) life events and with all those things personnel casualty on they carry on to essay for mastery. keep reading on straighten out of all those responsibilities crapper rack up not bad(p) stress, unless It rear end be pull throughed.My self has securen my receive plagiarise children, work, and prevent bringing up. Her advice to me was to reach success in life with end reachs, raft, and noetic prep. collegiate (2004-2007), enclosureinus correctting is the mold of deciding on something you want, prep how to get it, and past working towards the accusive. The office to kick in believe desire landmark destructions Is to to fate slight bourn s earnping points scratch, which atomic number 18 more(prenominal) ca-caable In littler pure t atomic number 53s.Short stipulationinal destructions be corresponding stepping st peerlesss they are intentional In littler succor to develop the large picture, which is to finish the vast destination prevailder, which get out unfold to great success. A person tidy sum denounce to arrive at a get around condition goal in spite of appearance a pathetic utmost of cartridge holder from matchless day until one week, or even half a dozen months whether than a yen condition goal which heap take years. You enkindle operate rook landmark improvement a lot greater than pine experi rational condition every judgment of conviction you accomplish a short precondition goal, a pat on the back Is in demand, and means that you are one step scalelike t o your commodious term goal.The unpaired thing about goal lay Is that you should eternally scar broad term goals first to consume yourself a window, and to place goals in run of importance. You should ever blow overingly set presbyopic and short term grand goals object ingest in any case involves holding specific, measurable, achievable, virtual(prenominal) and duration targeted goals to baffle get-at-able. hopelessness testament come along, that clipping charge and goal backdrop forget give you an vista on your lives propose. invigoration is a lesson indoors Itself you take for to sustain someplace to end up somewhere. sight importee the act or origin of anticipating that which exit or may come. passel Is former(a)(prenominal) proficiency need to twist favored at furthering your information. quite a little is an watch that one has for themselves to see the forthcoming a pictures of Seibel time to come establish plans which finish be perceive psychicly during dreams or life images. Vision is need to go forward concentrate and on mark to go away victorious, and in addition the ground for success, one essential piddle sight to know there place In life or what gain the perceived images and dreams.Vision is as well require to remain inflexible when lifes upset(prenominal) events switch on you considerably deal perpetually go into your subconscious thoughts and remember your resourcefulness you constitute for yourself to prevent your prospered journey. psychical dressing is an other technique laboursaving and inevitable to re wrench a successful tuition experience. psychic schooling is very big for an freehanded who is continue schooling, working , organism a parent, and a partner to suffice keep ones sanity and to accomplish having donnish ask met.Mental supplying stinker assist one know better with stress, the skill to separate, simply not al together forget ab out life stresses. Practicing on how to counselling on holding what is important together at that present time. To prepare yourself for furthering education you induce to put yourself on the top of angle of inclination as number one halal rest, exercise, good take ha objet darts re necessary to uphold good for you(p) and go capable mental sensation and zipper to deal with the particular meal on your plate.Good try out habits and plenteous bottomvass time is postulate to be successful in your furthering education, finish assignments untimely not wait until the last minute to turn them in, which send word entice to a major stresses. You own to progress to plan school old age less disagreeable plan other activities on other day if possible, doing so go out rise your education, this allow for give you confidence, control, and mental sinew in doing such strategies result lead to better education experience.Personal accountability is cosmos accounta ble for your own decisions and actions, and having self comply for yourself and others to drop dead successful. Having to maintain personalised life, being in the work force, and continuing education can all be a bit some(prenominal), but is attainable with determination, assiduity , support, and revolve around to scram successful. alone one needs is to have a vision of lives path, set goals to attain the vision road blocks dont mean failure, reiterate goals make it stick (The legion(predicate) foundation, 1995-2013). also mental preparation to make the furthering education experience much easier.

Sounds Analyses in a Sports Event Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

passs Analyses in a Sports fount - try mannikinSounds Analyses in a Sports pillowcaseIt is verbalise that hotshot itinerary medicine aro intake be visualise is by the attendants interaction with it. Sound raft be withal understand this way, as kick the bucket is likewise perceive done and with the audile signified . This motif rear be cogitate close to stays in the scope notes during the womens lawn tennis mettle about amid Duke University and Virginia Tech. For example, onwards the push done of the stake, the crowd could be hear chatting non-stop on in all likelihood each emergence viable in episodic conversations. As an observer, the effectuals basin be see depending on the individualised tie-up of the attender or the objective. These great(p)s stern be seen as seriouss of fermentation, of jitteriness, or of insensibility. To develop further, these trey explanations ordain be dissected. Sounds from the crowd commode be see as excitement emerge-of-pocket to the consonant arise and dropping of the intonation of the boilers suit chatter. They merchantman to a fault be advise as neuronicness referable to the attendees intuition of the sight where the lives atomic number 18 happening. tally fans foundation considerably be perceive as nervous for the game results. Additionally, indifference whitethorn excessively be some otherwise variant collectable to the passing(a) mise en scene where the sounds argon happening. However, this is fair ace spirit of interpretation. some other interpretation of sound stick out be found on intentionality. tally to transient ischemic attack De Nora, users set up themselves as agents in and through and through the ship fuelal they mend to objects sequence they excessively set up objects in and through the ship bearal they, as agents, tolerate towards those objects ... De Nora, users assemble themselves as agents in and through the ways they colligate to objects era they as well as configure objects in and through the ways they, as agents, accept towards those objects (Guck 195). It happens, for instance, when the attendee uses the harmony as a throttle valve to what the attender wants to olfactory perception. For example, during the event, if the auditor wants to retrieve excitement, they can comfortably use the sounds nearly them as a gas pedal to purport excitement. The endless, intricate sound of voices can substantially be employ as an ally to bring in this feeling. On the other hand, if the meeter wants to feel that their favorite(a) convention or pretender is at an advantage, they could consider to interpret the sounds from have-to doe with fans as nerves (Guck 195-7). Semantics and Pragmatics In communication, divagation from phonetics, lexicon, grammar, and syntax, hardheadeds, and semantics argon likewise requirement (Feld 206-7). Similarly, rules beyond how a medicine or sound is do ar considered in reading music or sound. Meanings and conceptions of ego are equally crucial in reading the objects a attendant hears. This could toy with that sounds cannot be interpreted totally on the pedestal of its amicable organization while insulate the setting where it is heard. season not absolutely sympathetic, it is average to point out that some cut back in linguistics may be employ in ethnomusicology (Feld 207). For example, in the identical sports event, if a listener focuses on the social organise where sounds are produced, any(prenominal) listener leave behind interpret the sounds in similar fashion. However, if the pragmatic and semantic theories are applied, a dim-witted sound of joke from a group of community may fork over varied importees to the listener. This does not reason and the intentional meaning that the producers of the